A synthetically made peptide (similar to skin proteins) designed to increase the synthesis of collagen, HA, and fibronectin. It has been clinically proven to improve skin quality and elasticity, as well as the appearance of wrinkles.
Tetrapeptide-21 is a short peptide consisting of four amino acids (Glycine, glutamate, lysine, and glycine). It is a signal peptide derived from extracellular matrix proteins and its function is to increase the synthesis of collagen, hyaluronic acid, and fibronectin.
It has been tested in two clinical trials. The first was on 10 volunteers and a concentration of 50 ppm showed a significant increase in skin elasticity and the levels of the above mentioned structural proteins.
The second trial was on 60 volunteers and a concentration of 10 ppm improved eye wrinkles, skin quality, and fine lines after 8 weeks of application. In a comparison study with Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 (Matrixyl), Tetrapeptide 21 increased the skin elasticity by 41%, whereas Matrixyl only showed an improvement of 35%.
Another research paper also showed that this peptide is able to cross the skin barrier into the dermis.
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