Sodium levulinate is a sodium salt of levulinic acid, a simple organic acid that can be manufactured from starch or similar plant-based materials.
It is used as a preservative in skincare, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria in a product. It is often combined with salts of other organic acids, resulting in a mixture that has better preservative effects.
The tests show that sodium levulinate may also be able to enhance the dermal penetration of other ingredients.
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