Menthol

A volatile compound isolated from peppermint oil. It causes a cooling sensation on the skin that can be very soothing. Menthol can also act as a topical painkiller. In more sensitive individuals, however, it may cause skin irritation or an allergy.
Soothing
Other functions
Origin
Menthol

Overview

Menthol is a volatile, crystallic compound isolated from peppermint oil. The components of essential oils are usually liquid, but menthol is a notable exception. The crystals of pure menthol are colorless, needle-like, and very fragile. They evaporate quickly if you leave them in the open air.

Menthol has a cooling scent and causes a cooling sensation when applied to the skin. It has many different uses in topical products.

Apart from its use as a fragrance, it can also act as a topical painkiller, which is why it was used in many old-timey liniments against muscle and joint ache. It also enhances the absorption and effect of other topical painkillers, so is often utilized in medical-grade anti-inflammatory and painkilling creams and gels.

The cooling sensation can be very soothing to the skin. In more sensitive individuals, however, it may cause skin irritation or an allergy. It is not suitable for children under the age of 6 because very small children cannot inhale menthol properly.

Science

1
Kamatou, G. P., Vermaak, I., Viljoen, A. M., & Lawrence, B. M. (2013). Menthol: a simple monoterpene with remarkable biological properties. Phytochemistry, 96, 15–25.