EDTA

A synthetically produced ingredient that binds certain metal ions. It can help prevent product discoloration or poor performance in rinse-off products used in 'hard' water.
Functions
Origin
EDTA

Overview

EDTA is a synthetic ingredient with the main function of acting as a chelating agent.

A chelating agent is a molecule that binds and holds on to potentially dangerous heavy metal ions found in water. When bound to a chelating agent, these heavy metal ions become inactive and less of a safety concern. The heavy metal ions can also destabilize cosmetic products, so in order to give the products a longer shelf life, EDTA is employed to sequester the heavy metal ions.

EDTA has shown to have some oral toxicity traits, but studies have shown that the levels used in skincare fall below the toxic threshold.

Science

1
Lanigan, R. S.; Yamarik, T. A. (2002). "Final report on the safety assessment of EDTA, calcium disodium EDTA, diammonium EDTA, dipotassium EDTA, disodium EDTA, TEA-EDTA, tetrasodium EDTA, tripotassium EDTA, trisodium EDTA, HEDTA, and trisodium HEDTA". International Journal of Toxicology. 21 Suppl. 2 (5): 95–142.