Caesalpinia spinosa gum, or Tara gum, is a plant-based thickener, stabilizer, and viscosity controlling agent that is similar to guar gum or locust bean gum.
It is a white or off-white powder obtained from the seeds of the Caesalpinia spinosa (or Tara spinosa, according to the recent taxonomy). The gum consists of polysaccharides (mainly galactomannans).
Science
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J.F. Borzelleca, B.N. Ladu, F.R. Senti, and J.L. Egle, Jr. (1993). Evaluation of the Safety of Tara Gum as a Food Ingredient: A Review of the Literature. Journal of the American College of Toxicology 12: 81–89.